FAQ: Ostpreußen (East Prussia)

Adalbert Goertz, Colorado Springs CO

February 2005

Please send any corrections or suggestions to or


CONTENTS

Q1: What and where was Prussia?
Q2: What about the kings in Germany?
Q3: Who were the (9) Prussian kings?
Q4: What were the administrative areas of Ostpreußen (East Prussia)?
Q5: What were the "old" administrative areas of East Prussia?
Q6: What were the court districts in Ostpreußen before 1900?
Q7: Are there secular records of interest to family researchers?
Q8: Is there a listserv for East Prussia family researchers?
Q9: How do I find locations and maps for Prussia?
Q10: What books discuss hints and sources for East German searchers?
Q11: How many Mennonites lived in Ostpreußen (East Prussia)?
Q12: Is there a website which has Prussian Mennonnite records posted?
Q13: Where can I get information on archives in Poland?
Q14: What was the religion of people in Ostpreußen (East Prussia)?
Q15: What were the land measurements in Prussia?
Q16: How do you pronounce place names?
Q17: What were the classes of country people before 1900?
Q18: When were civil registers introduced?
Q19: Are there emigration records available?
Q20: Is there a genealogical society specializing in this area?
Q21: What information is available at GStAPK in Berlin-Dahlem?

=============================================
Q1: What and where was Prussia?

A1: The answer depends on the time frame:

     1) pre-1806       2) 1806-1871       3) 1871-1918 and later.

  1a) Prussia was a region which before 1772 consisted of what was later
   known as
   East Prussia (Ostpreußen) with capital of Königsberg, a duchy since
   1525, a kingdom of the Hohenzollern dynasty since 1701

    and

   West Prussia (Westpreußen) with the Hanseatic cities of Danzig,
   Elbing, Thorn, and Culm, part of Poland referred to as Polish Prussia
   before 1772. The German literture refers to East and West Prussia
   as Old or Original Prussia or (Altpreußen).

  1b) In 1772 King Friedrich II of Prussia annexed Polish Prussia (without
    the Danzig Territory) calling it West Prussia (Westpreußen) and
    united it with East Prussia. In 1793 King Friedrich Wilhelm II also
    annexed the Danzig and Thorn Territories, and 1793/1795 larger areas
    of Poland which were called South Prussia (Südpreußen) and
    New East Prussia (Neu-Ostpreußen).

The kingdom of Prussia at this time was not part of Germany. Königsberg
was capital and coronation city of the Prussian kings. Terms like
German government or German army have no meaning for this time period.

   2) In 1806 Napoleon Bonaparte conquered Europe and abolished the German
empire and the title of Kaiser for Germany (capital:Wien or Vienna).
The Kaiser in Wien-Vienna became Kaiser of Austria with no power in the rest
of Germany. After Napoleon's final defeat in 1815 the kingdom of Prussia became known as "Die Vereinigten Preußischen Staaten" (United Prussian
States) which now also included provinces like Schlesien/Silesia,
Brandenburg,Pommern/Pomerania and areas as far west as the Rhine province.
Berlin now became the Prussian capital.
Until 1806 the Hohenzollern sovereign had many titles and hats from
Head of the Evangelic Church to King, Elector, Grandduke, Duke for the
various regions and realms under his rule. After 1806 he simply was
King of Prussia.
Terms like German government or German army have no meaning for this time
period until 1871.

   3) In 1871 Germany as an empire with a Kaiser was reestablished with
Berlin as the capital of Germany and Prussia and with the Prussian king
also having the title of German Kaiser.
All monarchies in Germany were abolished in 1918, Prussia was declared
defunct in 1947 by the Allied victors. The original (East and West) Prussia
was cleansed of its ethnic German population and given to Poland and Russia.
The Western powers were silent on the ethnic cleansing of original Prussia
and Eastern Germany resulting in 12 millions of German refugees.

Q2: What about the kings in Germany?

A2: Before 1806 Germany was one kingdom and empire with one Kaiser and one
king who resided in Wien (Vienna). He was elected by the collegium of
Kurfürsten (electors) who in 1800 were the

3 archbishops of Köln (Cologne), Mainz and Trier and the
4 secular electors of Rhine-Pfalz, Brandenburg, Sachsen(Saxony), and
Böhmen(Bohemia).

The electors of Brandenburg and Sachsen had also ambitions to acquire the
title of king. Since they could not acquire this title inside Germany they
succeeded outside Germany:
Brandenburg by declaring themselves "King in Prussia" at Königsberg
in 1701, Sachsen by getting elected as King of Poland in 1697.
The Kaiser in Wien was powerless to prevent this ploy.

By 1806 Napoleon Bonaparte changed all that. Germany no longer was a kingdom
and empire. The titles of Kurfürst (elector) became meaningless and was
abolished and changed to Kings of Bohemia, Prussia, Saxony, Bavaria,
Württemberg, and Hannover by Napoleon's grace.
The archbishops and catholic church lost all their secular power in 1803.

Q3: Who were the (9) Prussian kings?

A3: Kurfürst (Elector) Friedrich III crowned himself first king
   1.) as Friedrich I in Königsberg in 1701, died 1712, his son was
   2.) King Friedrich Wilhelm I, 1712-1740, intolerant, his son was
   3.) King Friedrich II the Great (Old Fritz), 1740-1786, his nephew was
   4.) King Friedrich Wilhelm II, 1786-1797, intolerant, his son was
   5.) King Friedrich Wilhelm III, 1797-1840, his son was
   6.) King Friedrich Wilhelm IV, 1840-1861, his brother was
   7.) King Wilhelm I, 1861-1888, became Kaiser 1871, his son was
   8.) Kaiser and King Friedrich III, 1888 (99 days), his son was
   9.) Kaiser and King Wilhelm II, 1888-1918.

Q4: What were the administrative areas of Ostpreußen (East Prussia)?

A4: Between 1824-1878 there was one Province of Prussia (Provinz
Preußen) which later was divided into two provinces (Ostpreußen, Westpreußen) with capitals in Königsberg
and Danzig, respectively.

This changed drastically after Word War I (1918).
In 1815-1900 there were the following districts and Kreise (counties):

Regierungsbezirk (district) of Königsberg with 20 Kreise (counties):
  *Allenstein,*Braunsberg,Preußisch-Eylau,Fischhausen,F riedland,
  Gerdauen, Heiligenbeil,*Heilsberg,Preußisch-Holland,
  Königsberg-Stadt, Kbg-Land, Labiau,Memel,Mohrungen,Neidenburg,
  Ortelsburg,Osterode,Rastenburg, *Rössel,Wehlau.
  - * marks a Kreis in the Catholivc episcopy of Ermland (Warmia) which
      area was annexed from Poland in 1772 -

Regierungsbezirk (district) of Gumbinnen with 16 Kreise (counties):
  Angerburg,Darkehmen,Goldap,Gumbinnen,*Heydekrug,Insterburg,J ohannisburg,
  Lötzen,Lyck,Niederung,Oletzko(Treuburg),Pillkallen,Ragn it,Sensburg,
  Stallupönen,Tilsit.
  - Prior to c.1830, this district was also called Preußisch-Litauen
    (Prussian Lithuania). It was here that the c30,000 Austrian
    Salzburger refugees were settled in 1732 after the plague of 1712 -

Each Regierung was presided by the Regierungspräsident.
The official Regierung announcements were published since 1816 in the
weekly Amtsblatt which contained legal annoucements, promotions,
appointments of judges, teachers, officials, professors, foreclosures,
bankrupcies, auctions, medals and much more.

Each Kreis was headed by the Landrat who presided over the Landratsamt.
The Landratsamt records are deposited in Berlin and the Polish archives
with published brief inventories.
The Landrat was in charge of passport and emigrations matters and reported
to the district Regierung who in turn gave data to the provincial Oberpräsidium in Königsberg
.
Gazetteers for all villages and towns were published by Verein für
Familienforschung in Ost- und Westpreußen in Hamburg in its
Sonderschriften reprints Nr.43 (Königsberg,1820), Nr.48 (Gumbinnen,1818),

Note: East and West Prussia were united as one "Province of Prussia"
during 1824-1878.

In 1905 a third district of Allenstein was established from
the southern parts of the districts of Königsberg and Gumbinnen
comprising the Kreise of
Allenstein (Stadt and Land), Johannisburg, Lötzen, Lyck, Neidenburg,
Ortelsburg, Osterode, Rössel, and Sensburg.
This area is also known as Masuren (Latin: Masovia).

After WWI (1920) Ostpreußen lost the Memelland without a popular
referendum to the new Lithuania (Kreise of Memel, Heydekrug, part
of Kreis Tilsit and Ragnit beyond the Memel river).
A new Reg.Bezirk (district)  of Westpreußen (or Marienwerder)
was added from the remaining divided province of West Prussia
(Kreise Elbing, Marienburg, Marienwerder, Rosenberg, Stuhm),

After WWII (1945) Ostpreußen was divided among Russia
(Kalinigrad Oblastj) and Poland.

For modern Polish names see

   http://www.atsnotes.com/other/gerpol.html

Q5: What were the "old" administrative areas of East Prussia?

A5: In 1806 the old adminitrative areas were

I. Ostpreußen with 983,034 Einwohner:

 1.Ostpreußisches Kammer-Departement included the Kreise of
   Samland (Schaken),Tapiau,Brandenburg,Rastenburg,Braunsberg,Heilsberg ,
   Morungen,Neidenburg.

 2.Litauisches Kammer-Departement included the Kreise of
   Insterburg,Olezko,Sehesten.

IV. Neu-Ostpreußen with 914,610 Einwohner (a separate province):

 8. Departement der Kriegs- und Domainen-Kammer zu Bialystok included the
   Kreise of Lomza,Drohicin,Bielsk,Surasz,Bialystok,Bobrz,Dombrowa,Wygry,
   Kalwary,Marianpol.

 9. Departement der Kriegs- und Domainen-Kammer zu Plozk included the
   Kreise of Wyszogrod,Lipno,Mlawa,Przasnik,Pultusk,Ostrolenka.

The concept of Kreis was different in pre-1808 Prussia and referred to
the districts of the noble families ("Die Adeligen Kreise") as well as
the Immediatstädte and royal Domainen-Ämter. The term "Regierung" referred
to the judicial (court) system before 1806 and to the district administration
after 1815. This is important to understand, if researchers want to judge
the relevance of records in the Berlin and Polish archives.
For historical maps see
  Brandt-Goertz: Genealogical Guide to East and West Prussia,Minneapolis
  MN 2002

Q6: What were the court districts in Ostpreußen before 1900?

A6: The highest provincial court was the Oberlandesgericht in Königsberg.

The lower courts (Landgerichte) and lowest courts (Amtsgerichte) were

Landgericht Allenstein with (10) Amtsgerichte:
  Allenstein,Gilgenburg,Hohenstein,Neidenburg,Ortelsburg,Oster ode,
  Passenheim,Soldau,Wartenburg,Willenberg.

Landgericht Bartenstein with (17) Amtsgerichte:
  Barten,Bartenstein,Bischofsburg,Bischofstein,Domnau,Preu&sz lig;isch-Eylau,
  Friedland,Gerdauen,Gutstadt,Heilsberg,Kreuzburg,Landsberg,No rdenburg,
  Rastenburg,Rössel,Schippenbeil,Seeburg.

Landgericht Braunsberg with (10) Amtsgerichte:
  Braunsberg,Heiligenbeil,Liebstadt,Mehlsack,Mohrungen,Mü hlhausen,
  Preußisch-Holland,Saalfeld,Wormditt,Zinten/

Landgericht Insterburg with (6) Amtsgerichte:
  Darkehmen,Goldap,Gumbinnen,Insterburg,Pillkallen,Stallup&oum l;nen.

Landgericht Königsberg with (8) Amtsgerichte:
  Allenburg,Fischhausen,Königsberg,Labiau,Mehlauken,Pilla u,Tapiau,
  Wehlau.

Landgericht Lyck with (10) Amtsgerichte:
  Angerburg,Arys,Bialla,Johannisburg,Lötzen,Lyck,Margrabb owa,
  Nikolaiken,Rhein,Sensburg.

Landgericht Memel with (4) Amtsgerichte:
  Heydekrug,Memel,Prökuls,Russ.

Landgericht Tilsit with (6) Amtsgerichte:
  Heinrichswalde,Kaukehmen,Ragnit,Skaisgirren,Tilsit,Wischwill .

The whereabouts of the records for the Landgerichte is unknown.
Some records of the Amtsgerichte are deposited at the Olsztyn archives today.
Of special interest are the land deed records (Grund- und Hypotheken-Acta)
with no published survey known. Legal basis for these land records is the
Prussian Hypotheken-Ordnung of 1783 which initially applied to crownlands
only. The court at that time was called Domainen-Justiz-Amt (until 1806),
Land- und Stadt-Gericht (1806-1849), Kreisgericht (1849-1879),
Amtsgericht (after 1879).

Land (sales and hereditary) contracts were negotiated, supervised
and written-up by court-appointed Landgeschworene (land jurors)
who also appraised (taxirten) the real estate and its contents
(imo- und mobiliar). Prior to 1783 land contracts were written
verbatim in triplicate by one hand and deposited usually with the
seller, purchaser and the Dorfschulz (mayor).

Last testaments and wills, Erbscheine, orphan records would be
deposited in the local Amtsgericht (in the Hypotheken-Acta, if land
ownership and remarriages were involved).
A remarriage of a widower/widow was always documented in the Amtsgericht
stating in detail the estate rights of surviving children as well as
rights and duties of parents and step parents. This is a source at the
Amtsgericht which is widely unknown and untapped (and unfilmed by the LDS).
If you are looking for records which describe the life and tribulations
of your ancestors, you cannot miss looking at the court records.

For research on estates the estate directories (Güteradre_b|cher)
list the owners and economic information (acreage, lifestock etc.):
 
 Handbuch des Grundbesitzes im Deutschen Reiche.
  I. Das Königreich Preußen - Provinz Ostpreußen
    1st ed. Berlin 1879
    2nd ed. Berlin 1884
    3rd ed. Berlin 1895
    4th ed. Berlin 1903
    5th ed. Berlin 1907
 
  Niekammers Landwirtschaftliches Güter-Adreßbuch.
    Band 3: Provinz Ostpreußen
     1st ed. Stettin 1905
     2nd ed. Leipzig 1913
     3rd ed. Leipzig 1920
     4th ed. Leipzig 1922
     5th ed. Leipzig 1932

Q7: Are there secular records of interest to family researchers?

A7: There are 3 types of records compiled periodically for the period
   of reign of Friedrich II who ruled 1740-1786:

    1) Praestations-Tabellen (PT) are land tax lists since about 1774 for
     West Prussia and since about 1723 for East Prussia and updated
    about every 6 years until 1806 and continued from 1819 to about 1850.
    They list land tenants on royal domaine lands (crownland) only, giving
    names and land size in H(ufen), M(orgen) and R(uten). No PTs exist for
    nobility land (adl.Rittergut,Dominium) or city territories (Kammergut).
    The Kgl.(Royal) Domainen-Amt or Domainen-Rent-Amt administered and
    levied the tax (=Praestation). The Domainen-Amt districts were usually
    identical with the court districts (Amts-Gericht). After 1815 the domaine
    lands were sold to the tenants in instalments which was completed by
    about 1850. The new authority who handled the sales (=Ablösung) was
    the General-Kommission zu Königsberg.
    For later years the land records of the local Kataster-Amt (1861-)
    should be consulted. Rittergut ownership restriction to the nobility
    was lifted in 1867.

  2) Mahl-Listen or Mühlen Consignationen list all heads of family by
    name and number of women, sons, daughters, male and female
    servants. They indicate that everyone of age 12-60 was taxed by head
    for eating and milling grain, poor or rich alike. They were abolished
    in 1806 by the Stein-Hardenberg reforms.

   3) The courts introduced new deed record keeping for Prussia in 1783,
     initially for crownlands only. Especially the Hypotheken-Acta
     often give information on family affairs like mortgage beneficiaries,
     orphans, new marriages,  heirs in details not found anywhere else.
     They often do not only reflect families with assets, but also paupers
     as heirs and beneficiaries. Often copies of old documents and wills
     are attached.

Q8: Is there a listserv for East Prussia family researchers?

A8: There is a mailing list ow-preussen-l for East and West Prussia.

 To subscribe send text:

    subscribe ow-preussen-L

      to majordomo@genealogy.net

    A more general list is  PRUSSIA-ROOTS-L@rootsweb.com

    To subscribe send the word "subscribe" (without the
    quotes) as the only text in the body of a message to

    PRUSSIA-ROOTS-L-request@rootsweb.com (mail mode) or
    PRUSSIA-ROOTS-D-request@rootsweb.com (digest mode).

Websites for German genealogy are

     http://www.genealogy.net/gene/reg/rindex.htm
     http://w3g.med.uni-giessen.de/gene/reg/rindex.htm
     http://www.germany.net/teilnehmer/100.110994/index.htm
     http://www.inka.de/sites/akb/Ostpr&eußen/Mailingliste. htm
     http://www.inka.de/sites/akb/Ostpreussen/index.htm
     http://www.worldgenweb.org/Prussia/prussia.htm
     http://www.genealogy.net/gene/reg/ger1871.htm#ostpreussen
     http://www.genealogy.net/gene/vereine/VFFOW/vffow.htm
     http://www.ostpreussenblatt.de/
     http://home.t-online.de/home/salzburger
     http://www.judeninostpr&eußen.de

    Genealogival sources:

    http://www.feefhs.org/s&f/kbak-ae.html Sources A-E
    http://www.feefhs.org/s&f/kbak-fg.html Sources F-G
    http://www.feefhs.org/s&f/kbak-hk.html Sources H-K
    http://www.feefhs.org/s&f/kblz-lo.html Sources L-O
    http://www.feefhs.org/s&f/kblz-ps.html Sources P-S
    http://www.feefhs.org/s&f/kblz-tz.html Sources T-Z
    http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/German_Genealogy/kb ak.htm
    http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/German_Genealogy/kb lz.htm

    http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/Acres/3505/kirchenb.htm
        (Kreise Neidenburg, Ortelsburg,Sensburg und Tilsit)

    Stiftung Martin-Opitz-Bibliothek Herne.
      (formerly Bücherei des deutschen Ostens)
        e-mail: mob@herne.de
      http://w3g.med.uni-giessen.de/~geneal/kp/fome/andere/mob.htm l

    Herder-Institut Marburg e.V. Gisonenweg 5 - 7, 35037 Marburg/Lahn
     Telephon: 06421/184-0, Telefax: 184-139
        e-mail: herder@mailer.uni-marburg.de
     http://www.uni-marburg.de/herder-institut/bibliohp.html
     http://w3g.med.uni-giessen.de/~geneal/kp/fome/andere/herderm b.html
     http://www.uni-marburg.de/herder-institut/klassi.html

    Geheimes Staatsarchiv Preußischer Kulturbesitz, Berlin.
     Archivstrasse 12-14 D-14195 Berlin (Dahlem)
    Tel.: (030) 839 01141 Fax: (030) 839 011 80

For those who are interested in the holdings of the
Privy State Archives in Berlin-Dahlem
Here are their main groups (HA = Haupt-Abteilungen) of records:

HA
I.    Die sogenannten alten und neuen Reposituren (ca.1400-1808-1947)
II    Generaldirektorium (1723 - 1808)
IIl.  Ministerium der auswärtigen Angelegenheiten
IV.   Heeresarchiv   (mostly destroyed in 1945)
V.    Königreich Westphalen
VI.   Staatsvertrdge
VII.  Urkunden
VIII  Siegel, Wappen, Genealogie
IX.   Bilder
X.    Brandenburg
XI.   Karten
XII.  (Amts-) Drucksachen
XIII  Filme
XIV.  Westpreußen
XV.   Pommern
XVI.  Posen
XVII  Schlesien
XVIII Sachsen
XIX.  Grenzmark Posen - Westpreußen
XX.   Historisches Staatsarchiv Kvnigsberg

 http://www.lib.byu.edu/~rdh/prmss/orte/berlgsas.html
  http://dg3.chemie.uni-konstanz.de/~stuebs/pommern/Archive/be rli-geh-st*
  http://www.hinterpommern.de/Genealogie/Archive/Berli-geh-sta atsar/#bestaende

A small number of pre-1945 records survive in the Russian Archives
in Kaliningrad Oblast:
Gosudarstvennyj archiv Kaliningradskoj oblasti
ul. Komsomol'skaja 32
SU-236000 g. Kaliningrad obl.

  Evang. Zentralarchiv Berlin.
    http://www.ezab.de
       Email:  archiv@ezab.de

    Listing of Lutheran churches:

     http://paris.chem.yale.edu/zondlo/opru-ev.html

Q9: How do I find locations and maps for Prussia?

A9: An atlas is usually not the best tool to locate small towns or
villages. Maps of scales 1:25,000 (Messtischblatt) or 1:100,000
(Karte des Deutschen Reiches and Kreiskarten) and gazetteers
(Ortsverzeichnis) are.

The best German gazetteer is
  Meyers Orts- and Verkehrslexikon des Deutschen Reiches,1912 edition,
   which is available on microfiche in the LDS Family History Centers
   and gives info on parish, Kreis, Standesamt, court, post office
    etc. on all German locations.

 There is LDS microfilm #068814 available of
   Karte des Deutschen Reiches, scale 1:100000, 1km = 1cm
   which may be loaned thru the LDS Family History Centers.
   It covers Germany for 1914-1917.

   Topographical Maps (Messtischblätter 1:25000) may also be
   purchased from
     Bundesamt für Kartographie und Geodäsie
     Richard-Strauss-Allee 11
     60958 Frankfurt am Main, Germany

     E-mail: mailbox@bkg.bund.de

     http://www.bkg.bund.de/GI/Shop/index.html

 For online maps  see also

   http://w3g.med.uni-giessen.de/gene/gifs/maps/
   http://sites.inka.de/sites/akb/Ostpreussen/Karten.htm
   http://www.ostpreussen.de.vu

 For German-Polish place name dictionary, see

  http://www.calle.com/world/poland/index.html
  http://www.atsnotes.com/other/gerpol.html
  http://daugenis.mch.mii.lt/atspindziai/Leidiniai/Prusijoszem .de.htm
  http://web.nstar.net/~dwat6911/former.htm

Q10: What books discuss hints and sources for East German searchers?

A10: Wegweiser für Forschung nach Vorfahren aus den Ostdeutschen und
     Sudetendeutschen Gebieten sowie aus den deutschen Siedlungsräumen
     in Mittel-,Ost- und Südosteuropa (AGoFF-Wegweiser):
     Verlag Degener &Co, 91413 Neustadt, Germany (1991 and later)
        (The out-of-print English edition is being revised presently)

     Germanic Genealogy (by Edward R.Brandt et alii), 2nd edition.
           1997, St.Paul MN, 517 pp.,1st edition, 1995.

     W.Krallert: Atlas zur Geschichte der deutschen Ostsiedlung,
           Velhagen &Klasing, Bielefeld-Berlin-Hannover 1958.

The "Bibliographie der Geschichte von Ost- und Westpreußen"
 by Ernst Wermke,
4 vols.,is the most complete bibliography which
includes genealogical publications.
   Vol.1:Aalen 1962 (publications prior to 1929)
   Vol.2:Aalen 1964 (publications 1930-1938)
   Vol.3:Bonn-Bad Godesberg 1974 (publications 1939-1974)
   Vol.4: Marburg 1974 (publications 1971-1974)

Altpreußische Biographie/ hrsg. im Auftrage der Historischen
   Kommission für ost- und westpreußische Landesforschung von Christian
              Krollmann, fortgesetzt von Kurt Forstreuter und
                     Fritz Gause. Marburg/Lähn 1941-.
                  Bd 1: Abegg - Malten. 1941.
                  Bd 2: Maltitz - Z. 1967.
                  Bd 3: Ergänzungen zu Bd 1 und 2. 1975 .
                  Bd 4: hrsg. ... von Ernst Bahr , Gerd Brauch. 1995.
    Register zu den Bänden I-IV /bearb. von Achim Breuer, Gerd Brausch.
                                   1995.

There have been some calls recently for books in English on
     the German expulsion and ethnic cleansing in East Germany and
     Eastern Europe:
 
Background: At the Tehran Summnit in November 1943 between the USA (Roosevelt),
the Soviet Union (Stalin) and the UK (Churchill), the Soviet Union
(Stalin) and the USA (Roosevelt) conspired that the Soviet Union should
annex the Northern part of East Prussia (Königsberg region) and that
the German population should be "resettled" (i.e.expelled) from the eastern
areas of Germany. These areas included German settlements since the 1200s.
Churchill did not take part in this conspiracy and voiced his reservation
and opposition, to no avail.
The United Nations Charta of 1945 promotes respect for human rights and
forbids annexations of areas against the will of the people.
It turns out that the USA was not interested to honor this charta, but rather
used the UNO to manipulate the organization for her own political goals
and apply double standards whenever it was suitable, even to this day.
The hope of the Prussian refugees that their homeland and property would be
restored by the UNO has not been honored.

    Thorwald, Jurgen: Es begann an der Weichsel.  1951
                      Das Ende an der Elbe. 1952.
            English:  Flight in the winter;
                 [New York]  Pantheon  [1951] 318 p.  22 cm.
                 CALL #: 940.542 T52F

    De Zayas, Alfred M.
         Anmerkungen zur Vertreibung der Deutschen aus dem Osten.
            English: The German expellees :  victims in war and peace /
                   Alfred-Maurice De Zayas ; [original German version
                   translated by John A. Koehler].
                 New York :  St. Martin's Press,  1993.
                 xlii, 177 p., [24] p. of plates :  ill., map ;  22 cm.
                 Includes bibliographical references (p. [161]-169) and
                   index. CALL #: DJK 28.G4D413 1993

    De Zayas, Alfred M.
         Anmerkungen zur Vertreibung der Deutschen aus dem Osten.
            English: A terrible revenge :  the "ethnic cleansing" of the east
                   European Germans, 1944-1950 / Alfred-Maurice de Zayas ;
                   [original German version translated by John A. Koehler].
                 1st pbk. ed. with additions.
                 New York :  St. Martin's Press,  1994.
                 xlii, 179 p. :  ill., maps ;  21 cm.
                 Includes bibliographical references (p. [153]-171) and
                   index. CALL #: DJK 28.G4D413 1994

     De Zayas, Alfred M.
         "Die Wehrmacht-Untersuchungsstelle - Dokumentation alliierter
                 Kriegsverbrechen im Zweiten Weltkrieg" 1979,
                   ISBN 3-8004-1051-6 (6th edition, 1998).
            English edition:
                "The Wehrmacht War Crimes Bureau, 1939-1945 -
                 Documentation of Allied War Crimes in WWII"
                   Nebraska University Press,1989, Paperbound,
                   364 pages, bibliography, index, photographs,
                   ISBN: 0-8032-9908-7

     De Zayas, Alfred M.
  "Anglo-American responsibility for the expulsion of the Germans 1945-48".
  "A legal analysis of ethnic cleansing", in
   Ethnic Cleansing in Twentieth-Century Europe, co-edited by Steven
   Vrdy, and Hunt Tooley, Columbia University Press, New York 2003.

    OTHER ENTRIES:   Germans  Europe, Eastern  History  20th century.
                 World War, 1939-1945  Refugees.
                 World War, 1939-1945  Atrocities.
                 Population transfers  Germans.

    Beschloss, Michael R.:
    THE CONQUERORS
    Roosevelt, Truman And The Destruction Of Hitler'S Germany, 1941-1945
    Simon & Schuster, 2002,  400 pages , ISBN: 0-684-81027-1

Vertreibung der deutschen Bevölkerung aus den Gebieten ostlich der
Oder-Neisse, published by Bundesministerium für Vertriebene, Flüchtlinge
und Kriegsgescha"digte, 1954/60, new 1993 edition by
Weltbild Verlag, Augsburg, 3 vols., (ISBN 3-89350-547-4).

        http://www.rollenhagen.de/Pommern/maps/saatzig.htm
        http://members.tripod.com/~radde/FlightDanzig.html
        http://members.tripod.com/~radde/ProcessExpulsionStolp.html
        http://members.tripod.com/~radde/Prologue.html
        http://www.meaus.com/Expulsion_of_Germans.html
        http://www.codoh.com/incon/incontrans.html
        http://www.rautenberg-druck.de/Buch.html

The Federal archives in Bayreuth has compiled the most detailed documentation
on the German ethnic cleansing from Eastern Germany and Easteren Europe.

Address:
Bundesarchiv Bayreuth
Postfach 5025
95424 Bayreuth
Ph.: 0921-57087

The following material is available for research and copying:

1. Gemeindeseelenlisten (name lists), incl. village maps comprising
   15568 population lists for 12083 towns and villages, 7745 village maps
   for 6750 communities.

2. Ost-Dokumentation
   - Fragebogenberichte (Gemeindeschicksalsberichte) zur
     Dokumentation der Vertreibung der Deutschen aus
     Ostmitteleuropa und aus den deutschen Siedlungsgebieten
     in Südosteuropa (Questionaires on ethnic cleansing)
   - Erlebnisberichte zur Dokumentation der Vertreibung der
     Deutschen aus Ostmittel- und Südeuropa
     (First hand reports on  ethnic cleansing)
   - Erhebungsbögen (Auswertungsbögen) der Dokumentation
     der Vertreibungsverbrechen (Evaluation on crimes against refugees)
   - Unterlagen der Flucht über die Ostsee (Flight via the Baltic sea)
   - Dokumentation über das Leben deutscher Flüchtlinge in Dänemark
     (Refugee life in Denmark)
   - Berichte über das Leben der deutschen Volksgruppen
     jenseits der östlichen und südöstlichen Reichsgrenzen
     (Reports on life in German communities outside Germany)
   - Berichte von Persönlichkeiten des öffentlichen Lebens
     aus den Gebieten östlich von Oder und Neisse zum
     Zeitgeschehen 1919-1945 (Reports by public figures from areas
     east of Oder and Neisse on life during 1919-1945)
   - Berichte über Verwaltung und Wirtschaft in den Gebieten
     östlich von Oder und Neisse sowie in Böhmen und Mähren
     (Reports on administration and business in the areas east of Oder
     and Neisse as well as Bohemia and Moravia).

For refugee camps in Denmark see:
 
Henrik Havrehed, Die Deutschen Flüchtlinge in Dänemark 1945-1949, 
  Heide 1989;
 
Arne Gammelgaard, Treibholz. Deutsche Flüchtlinge in Dänemark
1945-1949, Varde-Museum 1993, ISBN 87-89834-07-0;
 
Leif Guldmann Ipsen, Menschen hinter Stacheldraht. Flüchtlingslager
Oksbol 1945-1949, Blavandshuk Engsmuseum 2002, ISBN 87-89834-43-7

Q11: How many Mennonites lived in Ostpreußen (East Prussia)?

A11: Since Mennonites enjoyed certain privilegia, the authorities
   counted them carefully.
   Here are some statistics from censuses for East Prussiä

   (see Mennonite Life, April 1969 p.83-86 for details)

district     1816  1821  1831  1843  1852  1861  1871  1880 1890  1900
------------------------------------------------------------ -----------
Ostpreußen:
Königsberg   303   466   375   340   266   198   193 237   184   191
Gumbinnen     312   422   641   707   779   752   789   791 811   737

Kingdom     14954 15079 14756 14313 14780 13725 14040 13849 13833 13876


Q12: Is there a website which has Prussian Mennonnite records posted?

A12: Consult the website of the Manitoba Mennonite Historical Society:
        http://www.mmhs.org/mmhs/mmhsgen.htm

Q13: Where can I get information on archives in Poland?

A13: Consult the websites

     http://www.man.poznan.pl/~bielecki/geninfo6.htm
     http://ciuw.warman.net.pl/alf/archiwa/
     http://pgsa.org/archives_eng.htm

Q14: What was the religion of people in Ostpreußen (East Prussia)?

A14: The majority in 1890 was Evangelical (83.5%), the Catholics (12.8%)
were concentrated in the four Kreise of Ermland or Warmia; 14,411 Jews.
(Allenstein, Braunsberg, Heilsberg, Rössel) which had been annexed by
Prussia in 1772  and had not experienced the reformation of the
16th century.

Q15: What were the land measurements in Prussia?

A15: The land measurements in some areas before 1815 were based on the
     Culm units:
     1 culm.Hufen = 30 culm.Morgen (= ca.16.8 ha = ca.41.5 acres)
     1 culm.Morgen = 300 culm.Ruten (QRuten = sqRods) = ca.1.383 acres

     After 1815 the prevailing measurements were the Magdeburg units:
     1 preuß.Hufen = 30 preuß.Morgen (= ca.7.66 ha  = ca.18.9 acres)
     1 preuß.Morgen = 180 preuß.Ruten(QRuten = sqRods) = ca.0.632 acres

Q16: How do you pronounce place names?

A16: Here is a sampling of phonetic transcription:

Königsberg = KE-nicks-berk
Gumbinnen = goom-BIN-nen
Danzig = DUNN-tsick
Marienwerder = mar-ree-en-VER-der
Marienburg = maa-REE-en-burg (platt:MAR-yen-burg)
Graudenz = GROU-dents
Culm = COOLM
Tiegenhof = tee-ghen-HOF
Thorn = TORN

Q17: What were the classes of country people before 1900?

A17: Here are some samples found in the records:

Arbeitsmann = (non-farm) laborer
Bauer = term after about 1850 for farmer owning at least 1 Hufe (=16.8 ha)  
   and less than 500 Morgen of land.
Deputant = land laborer paid in kind (Deputat) like grain, potatos, lodging.
Einlieger = subtenant
Einwohner (pre-1850) = same as Emphyteut, Nachbar, or Bauer.
Eleve = Trainee, apprentice on a Gut 
Emphyteut (pre-1850) = tenant on royal Amt land (West Prussia only)
Gutsbesitzer = modern term after about 1850 for large estate farmer
      (>500 Morgen).
Hakenbüdner,Höker = store owner/tenant selling everyday supplies which
      are displayed on hooks from walls and ceiling
Kätner,Katner = tenant of small shack (Kate) with land
Krüger,Krugpächter = tenant of inn (Krug) or pub or pharmacy owned and
      licensed by king or noble landlord
Leute see Tagelöhner
Nachbar = member of group (Nachbarschaft) leasing land from landlord
Pächter = tenant.
Rendant = Bookkepper, Accountant on a Gut
Rittergutsbesitzer = owner of large medieval estate farm.
Schänker, Schankwirt = Krüger
Tagelöhner, Instleute, Leute = land laborers earning daily wage in 
   kind (Deputat), lodging, some cash.

Q18: When were civil registers introduced?

A18: Civil registers of births,marriages,deaths were introduced in October
    of 1874. The Civil registry office is called Standesamt.
    Before this time, the Lutheran church records (1815-1874) or special
    Dissidenten-Register (1847-1874) served as official registers, and a
    duplicate copy was deposited at the local court (Amtsgericht).
    Many of the Standesamt civil registers have survived in the Southern
    part of Ostpreußen (East Prussia) which was annexed by Poland in 1945.
    The story is quite different in the Northern part of Ostpreußen
    annexed by the Soviet Union in 1945 as the Kaliningrad Oblastj.
    The Red Army followed a deliberate course of annihilation and looting.
    Records had no priority for saving, art treasures and books were
    destroyed or taken to Russia. The burned-out Royal castle in Königsberg
    was levelled as late as the Brezhnev era. Even today, as we write 1997,
    the Russian parliament, the Duma, voted against returning German records
    and artifacts and overruled a veto by President Yeltsin.

Most Standesamt (Polish: Urzed Stanu Cywilnego) records in Southern
East Prussia remained in the old offices and were taken over by the Polish authorities. They are listed in the
Gazetteer of Polish People's Republic Localities.
The full title is SPIS MIEJSCOWOSCI POLSKIEJ RZECZYPOSPOLITEJ LUDOWEJ,
published in Warsaw 1968, and on LDS microfilm #844,922.

Prior to 1874, the church records (Kirchenbücher) of the official
churches (Evangelic and catholic) served as recognized documents for the
purpose of proving one's birth, marriage, and death and had to meet
certain standards of accuracy and completeness. Members of minor
(unregcognised) churches had to record their vital statistics with the
pastor of the official churches.

Q19: Are there emigration records available?

A19: The state archives have many emigration records which were
filmed by the LDS FHL.

For details see:
     Learned, Marion Dexter, 1857-1917:
    Guide to the manuscript materials relating to American history
          in the German state archives, Washington, D.C.,
    Carnegie Institution of Washington. Publication no. 150 , 1912, 352 p.:
                     -also Kraus reprints NY 1965-

p.107-108: StA Königsberg, today in Berlin HA.XX.

     (there are a number of updates  done by the LOC Manuscript Division,
     call no.L173.L4 Suppl. 1929-1932, vol.1 p.179-181 for Königsberg).

Q20: Is there a genealogical society specializing in this area?

A20: The Verein für Familienforschung in Ost- und Westpreußen
     was established in 1924 in Königsberg and was reestablished
     after WWII in Hamburg.
It publishes the annual Altpreußische Geschlechterkunde and
Familienarchiv as well as a series of Sonderschriften of sources.
Annual membership with foreign address is DM 90.

     http://www.genealogy.net/gene/vereine/VFFOW/vffow.htm

Application for membership and ordering of publications
may be directed to

Frau Elisabeth Meier
Postfach 11 05 39
46125 Oberhausen, Germany

 email: vffow@genealogy.net OR VFFOW@MAIL.EICS.COM
   Computers:  dflade@hrzpub.tu-darmstadt.de

If you have property claims to your ancestral home or farm in Prussia
which was lost due to ethnic cleansing in 1945, you may want to consider
       purchasing shares (EUR 50 minimum for one share) of
    "Preußische Treuhand - Prussian Claims Inc."


  Preußische Treuhand - Prussian Claims Inc. 

Q21: What information is available at GStAPK in Berlin-Dahlem?

A21: The Geheimes Staatsarchiv Preußischer Kulturbesitz (GStAPK)
     in Berlin-Dahlem is the central archives of Prussia.
     The older records (1723-1808) are deposited in
     HA.II Generaldirektorium, Abt.7 Ostpreußen und Litauen.
        (i.e.Districts of Königsberg and Gumbinnen).

which is divided into 4 parts:

 a. Bestallungs-, Kassen und Etatssachen, 1714-1808, Findbuch, 1 vol.
    (Government appointments, budgets etc.)
 b. Materien, 1716-1808 (Many topics, divided into "Titel" numbers), 
    Findbuch, 3 vols., Ortsregister (locality index)
    zu den Kontributionskatastern und Klassifikationsanschlägen (1772/73)
     1 vol., Findkartei: Personenregister der Kolonisten.
 c. 1.Ämtersachen and 2.Ämterverpachtungssachen, 1714 - 1806
    with an alphabetic listing of Ämter.
    This part is separated into Ostpreußen and Litauen, then again
    each into "Generalien, Mühlen-Sachen, Brau- und
      Krug-Sachen,Remissions-Sachen". Findbuch: 3 vols.
     Note: The Praestations-Tabellen (Land Tax Tables) is a separate
     collection which is aranged by the same Ämter designations.
 d. Städte-Sachen, 1698 - 1806, Findbuch, 3 vols.,
    in alphabetical order of cities and towns.

The three types of land ownership in Prussia about 1800 were:

    A. Towns and Cities
    B. Noble Land Lords (Adel, Rittergüter)
    C. Crown Lands (Royal Ämter).

The percentual areas under agricultural cultivation around 1800
were as follows:
                                      A.       B.       C.

  Ostpreußen (Königsberg):         6.5% 42.2% 51.3%

  Litauen (Gumbinnen):               3%       22%      75%


The Ämter-Sachen, thus, would cover the majority of land-related records,
comprising 6349 Akteneinheiten,
and are inventorized in 6 volumes of Findbücher:

Band 1:
      1. Ämtersachen
Kammerdepartement Königsberg
Ämter Allenstein bis Liebstadt , Nr . 1 - 1074

Band 2

Ämter Lochstädt bis Wormditt , Nr. 1075 - 2140

Band 3
Kammerdepartement Gumbinnen
Ämter Althof-Insterburg  bis Kassigkehmen, Nr . 2141 - 3242

Band 4
Ämter Katteneu bis Fürstlich Anhalt - Dessauische Güter ,
Nr. 3243 - 4404

Band 5
      2. Ämterverpachtungen
Kammerdepartement Königsberg
Ämter Allenstein bis Wormditt , Nr. 4405 - 5392

Band 6
Kammerdepartement Gumbinnen
Ämter Althof - Insterburg - Winge , Nr. 5393 - 6349

According to Herbert Pöppel, the listing from the Findbücher is
as follows:

Band 1
   ====  1 . Ämtersachen
========Kammerdepartement Königsberg=========
  Amt                                           Nr .
Allenstein                                     1 - 41
Balga                                         42 - 83
Barten                                        84 - 117
Bartenstein                                  118 - 138
Behlenhof                                    139 - 156
Brandenburg                                  157 - 197
Braunschweig                                 198 - 224
Dirschkeim                                   225 - 247
Dollstädt                                   248 - 271
Fischhausen                                  272 - 318
Frauenburg                                   319 - 348
Friedrichsberg                               349 - 370
Friedrichsfelde                              371 - 388
Friedrichsgraben  (Amt Seckenburg)           389 - 446
Erbgut Gerdauen (see III  2029 )
Erbgut Gilgenburg ( see II  Materien  8025 )
Grosshof  (see Tapiau )
Grünhoff                                    447 - 500
Guttstadt                                    501 - 544
Heilsberg                                    545 - 578
Hohenstein                                   579 - 620
Kalthof                                      621 - 648
Karpon                                       649 - 669
Karben                                       670 - 692
Karschau                                     693 - 720
Kaymen                                       721 - 757
Kleinhof  (see Amt Tapiau )
Kobbelbude                                   758 - 782
Kargan                                       783 - 816
Labiau                                       817 - 898
Lappönen                                    899 - 929
Laptau                                       930 - 957
Lankischken                                  958 - 1011
Liebemühl                                  1012 - 1044
Liebstadt                                   1045 - 1074

Band 2
   ====   1. Ämtersachen
============Kammerdepartement Königsberg=========
  Amt                                            Nr.
Lochstädt                                  1075 - 1090
Mehlauken                                   1091 - 1173
Mehlsack                                    1174 - 1198
Mensguth                                    1199 - 1223
Mohrungen                                   1224 - 1263
Natangen                                    1264 - 1280
Neidenburg                                  1281 - 1336
Neuhausen                                   1337 - 1368
Ortelsburg                                  1369 - 1422
Osterode                                    1423 - 1472
Palmnicken                                  1473 - 1481
Petersdorf (see Amt Taplacken )
Preu_isch Eylau                             1482 - 1517
Preu_isch Holland                           1518 - 1555
Preu_isch Mark                              1556 - 1599
Rastenburg                                  1600 - 1644
Rössel                                     1645 - 1679
Rossitten                                   1680 - 1686
Saalau                                      1687 - 1734
Schaacken                                   1735 - 1768
Schippenbeil (see Amt Rastenburg )
Seckenburg (see Amt Friedrichsgraben )
Seeburg                                     1769 - 1800
Soldau                                      1801 - 1833
Tapiau                                      1834 - 1898
Taplacken                                   1899 - 1953
Uderwangen                                  1954 - 1987
Waldau                                      1988 - 2019
Wandlacken                                  2020 - 2042
Wartenburg                                  2043 - 2066
Willenberg                                  2067 - 2115
Wormditt                                    2116 - 2140

Band 3
   =====  1. Ämtersachen
========Kammerdepertement Gumbinnen========
  Amt                                           Nr .
Althof   - Insterburg                       2141 - 2182
    "    - Memel                            2183 - 2247
    "    - Ragnit                           2248 - 2284
Angerburg  (see Amt Popiollen)              2285 - 2330
Arys                                        2331 - 2355
Ballgarden                                  2356 - 2403
Baubeln                                     2404 - 2452
Brakupönen                                 2453 - 2488
Bredauen                                    2489 - 2519
Bredupönen                                 2520 - 2544
Budwetschen                                 2545 - 2565
Buylien                                     2566 - 2587
Czychen                                     2588 - 2633
Czymochen                                   2634 - 2651
Danzkehnen                                  2652 - 2673
Didlacken (Amt Gaudischkehmen)              2674 - 2716
Dinglauken                                  2717 - 2743
Dörschkehmen                               2744 - 2772
Gaudischkehmen (see Amt Didlacken)          2773 - 2794
Georgenburg                                 2795 - 2845
Gerskullen                                  2846 - 2882
Göritten                                   2883 - 2908
Grünweitschen (Amt Mattischkehmen)         2909 - 2928
Grumbkowkaiten   (see Amt Uszpiauen)        2929 - 2980
Gudwallen                                   2981 - 3027
Heinrichswalde                              3028 - 3059
Heydekrug                                   3060 - 3099
Insterburg (see Amt Althof - I.)
Johannisburg                                3100 - 3152
                                           (3153 vacant)
Jurgaitschen                                3154 - 3212
Kasigkehmen                                 3213 - 3242

Band 4
    ====   1. Ämtersachen
=======Kammerdepartement  Gumbinnen==========
   Amt                                         Nr.
Kattenau                                    3243 - 3274
Kiauten                                     3275 - 3316
Klemmenhof                                  3617 - 3348
Königsfelde                                3349 - 3367
Kukerneese                                  3368 - 3427
Kussen                                      3428 - 3460
Lesgewangminnen                             3461 - 3494
Linkuhnen                                   3495 - 3575
Löbegallen                                 3576 - 3602
Lötzen                                     3603 - 3642
Lyck                                        3643 - 3683
Mattischkehmen (see Amt Grünweitschen )
Maygunischken                               3684 - 3689
Memel  (see Amt Althof-Memel )
Molienen                                    3690 - 3723
Nassawen                                    3724 - 3737
Norkitten (see Fürstlich Anhalt-Dessauische Güter )
Oletzko                                     3738 - 3770
Plicken                                     3771 - 3795
Polommen                                    3796 - 3840
Plicken                                     3771 - 3795
Polommen                                    3796 - 3840
Popiollen (see Amt Angerburg)               3841 - 3867
Prökuls                                    3868 - 3889
Ragnit (see Amt Althof Ragnit)
Rhein                                       3890 - 3938
Russ                                        3939 - 3984
Schnittken (see Amt Rhein)                  3985 - 4010
Schreitlauken                               4011 - 4043
Seehesten                                   4044 - 4084
Sommerau                                    4085 - 4103
Sperling                                    4104 - 4142
Stannaitschen                               4143 - 4179
Stradaunen                                  4480 - 4209
Szirgupönen                                4210 - 4238
Tilsit                                      4239 - 4245
Tollmingkehmen                              4246 - 4273
Uszpiaunen (see Amt Grumbkowkaiten)         4274 - 4279
Waldaukadel                                 4280 - 4304
Uszpiaunen (see Amt Grumbkowkaiten)         4274 - 4279
Waldaukadel                                 4280 - 4304
Weedern                                     4305 - 4342
Winge                                       4343 - 4394
Fürstlich Anhalt-Dessauische Güter        4395 - 4404

 Band 5
 ==== 2.Ämterverpachtungen
 ======== Kammerdepartement Königsberg

    Amt                                       Nr .
Allenstein                                  4405 - 4426
Balga                                       4427 - 4447
Barten                                      4448 - 4462
Bartenstein                                 4463 - 4476
Behlenhof                                   4477 - 4488
Brandenburg                                 4489 - 4510
Braunsberg                                  4511 - 4521
Dirschkeim                                  4522 - 4544
Dollst:dt                                   4545 - 4557
Fischhausen                                 4558 - 4580
Frauenburg                                  4581 - 4593
Friedrichsberg                              4594 - 4608
Friedrichsfelde                             4609 - 4618
Friedrichsgraben (Amt Seckenburg)           4619 - 4631
Gro_hof (see Tapiau)
Grünhoff                                   4632 - 4652
Guttstadt                                   4653 - 4664
Heilsberg                                   4665 - 4679
Hohenstein                                  4680 - 4694
Kalthof                                     4695 - 4710
Karpon                                      4711 - 4722
Karben                                      4723 - 4739
Karschau                                    4740 - 4755
Kaymen                                      4756 - 4776
Kleinhof (see Amt Tapiau)
Kobbelbude                                  4777 - 4794
Kargan                                      4795 - 4809
Labiau                                      4810 - 4833
Lappönen                                   4834 - 4843
Laptau                                      4844 - 4861
Laukischken                                 4862 - 4876
Liebemühl                                  4877 - 4891
Liebstadt                                   4892 - 4907
Lochstädt                                  4908 - 4924
Mehlauken                                   4925 - 4950
Mehlsack                                    4951 - 4963
Mensguth                                    4964 - 4978
Mohrungen                                   4979 - 4995
Natangen                                    4996 - 5004
Neidenburg                                  5005 - 5031
Neuhausen                                   5032 - 5050
Ortelsburg                                  5051 - 5065
Osterode                                    5066 - 5084
Palmicken                                   5085 - 5095
Petersdorf (see Amt Taplacken )
Preu_isch Eylau                             5096 - 5113
Preu_isch Holland                           5114 - 5128
Preu_isch Mark                              5129 - 5146
Preu_isch Holland                           5114 - 5128
Preu_isch Mark                              5129 - 5146
Rastenburg                                  5147 - 5168
Rössel                                     5169 - 5180
Rossitten                                   5181 - 5195
Saalau                                      5196 - 5216
Schaacken                                   5217 - 5235
Schippenbeil (see Amt Rastenburg )
Seckenburg   (see Amt Friedrichsgraben )
Seeburg                                     5236 - 5250
Soldau                                      5251 - 5266
Tapiau                                      5267 - 5283
Taplacken                                   5284 - 5305
Uderwangen                                  5306 - 5319
Waldau                                      5320 - 5336
Wandlacken                                  5337 - 5354
Wartenburg                                  5355 - 5366
Willenberg                                  5367 - 5381
Wormditt                                    5382 - 5392
Willenberg                                  5367 - 5381
Wormditt                                    5382 - 5392

Band 6

  === 2. Ämterverpachtungen
Kammerdepertement Gumbinnen
    Amt                                        Nr .
Althof-Insterburg                           5393 - 5409
    " -Memel                                5410 - 5432
    " -Ragnit                               5433 - 5451
Angerburg (see Amt Popiollen)               5452 - 5474
Arys                                        5475 - 5491
Ballgarden                                  5492 - 5517
Baubeln                                     5518 - 5535
Brakupönen                                 5536 - 5550
Bredauen                                    5551 - 5564
Bredupönen                                 5565 - 5576
Budwetschen                                 5577 - 5591
Buylien                                     5592 - 5506
Czychen                                     5607 - 5617
Czymochen                                   5618 - 5628
Danzkehnen                                  5629 - 5644
Didlacken (Amt Gaudischkehmen)              5645 - 5659
Dinglauken                                  5660 - 5675
Dörschkehmen                               5676 - 5693
Drygallen                                   5694 - 5705
Gaudischkehmen (see Amt Didlacken )
Georgenburg                                 5706 - 5720
Gerskullen                                  5721 - 5735
Göritten                                   5736 - 5750
Grünweitschen (Amt Mattischkehmen)         5751 - 5768
Grumbkowkaiten (see Amt Uszpiauen)          5769 - 5788
Gudwallen                                   5789 - 5806
Heinrichswalde                              5807 - 5820
Heydekrug                                   5821 - 5836
Insterburg (see Amt Althof - I.)
Johannisburg                                5837 - 5849
Jurgaitschen                                5850 - 5867
Kasigkehmen                                 5868 - 5885
Kattenau                                    5886 - 5898
Kiauten                                     5899 - 5916
Klemmenhof                                  5917 - 5932
Königsfelde                                5933 - 5946
Kukerneese                                  5947 - 5963
Kussen                                      5964 - 5979
Lesgewangminnen                             5980 - 5992
Linkuhnen                                   5993 - 6009
Löbegallen                                 6010 - 6022
Lötzen                                     6023 - 6039
Lyck                                        6040 - 6052
Mattischkehmen (see Amt Grünweitschen )
Maygunischken                               6053 - 6059
Memel (see Amt Althof -Memel )
Molienen                                    6060 - 6075
Nassawen                                    6076 - 6086
Oletzko                                     6087 - 6102
Plicken                                     6103 - 6113
Polommen                                    6114 - 6121
Popiollen                                   6122 - 6129
Prökuls                                    6130 - 6150
Ragnit (see Amt Althof Ragnit)
Rhein                                       6151 - 6166
Russ                                        6167 - 6181
Schnittken (see Amt Rhein)                  6182 - 6190
Schreitlauken                               6191 - 6203
Seehesten                                   6204 - 6214
Sommerau                                    6215 - 6229
Sperling                                    6230 - 6240
Stannaitschen                               6241 - 6258
Stradaunen                                  6259 - 6269
Szirgupönen                                6270 - 6283
Tilsit                                      6284 - 6289
Tollmingkehmen                              6290 - 6301
Uszpiaunen (see Amt Grumbkowkaiten )
Waldaukadel                                 6302 - 6317
Weedern                                     6318 - 6333
Winge                                       6334 - 6349

     Later records are deposited in

     HA XX and are summarized as follows:

      XX   Historisches Staatsarchiv Königsberg

   Rep. 1    Oberpräsident von Schrötter
   Rep. 2    Oberpräsident der Provinz Ostpr&eußen
   Rep. 2 c    Landeskulturamt zu Königsberg
   Rep. 4    Kriegskommissariat
   Rep. 5    Kriegs- und Domänenkammer zu Königsberg
   Rep. 8    Kriegs- und Domänenkammer zu Gumbinnen
   Rep. 9    Kriegs- und Domänenkammer zu Bialystok
   Rep. 10    Regierung zu Königsberg
   Rep. 10 K    Regierung zu Königsberg, Katasterabteilung
   Rep. 12    Regierung zu Gumbinnen
   Rep. 14    Regierung zu Allenstein
   Rep. 15    Bezirksausschuss zu Allenstein
   Rep. 17    Polizeipräsidium zu Königsberg
   Rep. 17 a    Polizeidirektion zu Tilsit
   Rep. 18    Landratsämter (Braunsberg, Fischhausen, Goldap, Gumbinnen,
              Heilsberg, Heydekrug, Insterburg, Königsberg Land / Samland,
              Labiau, Lötzen, Lyck, Memel, Oletzko / Treuburg, Ortelsburg,
              Osterode, Preußisch Holland, Rastenburg, Rössel, Sensburg,
              Tilsit, Wehlau)
   Rep. 26    Oberburggräfliches Amt
   Rep. 31    Oberlandesgericht zu Königsberg
   Rep. 32    Generalstaatsanwaltschaft zu Königsberg
   Rep. 36    Landgerichte (Allenstein, Bartenstein,
   Braunsberg, Insterburg, Königsberg, Lyck, Tilsit)
   Rep. 37    Staatsanwaltschaften (Allenstein,
   Bartenstein, Braunsberg, Insterburg, Königsberg, Lyck, Memel)
   Rep. 38 a    Amtsgericht zu Königsberg
   Rep. 38 b    Stadtgericht zu Königsberg
   Rep. 38 d    Hospitalkollegium zu Königsberg
   Rep. 39    Kreis-, Amts- und Stadtgerichte
              (Allenstein, Angerburg, Bartenstein, Bialla / Gehlenburg,
              Bischofstein, Braunsberg, Darkehmen, Domnau, Fischhausen,
              Goldap, Gumbinnen, Guttstadt, Heiligenbeil, Heilsberg,
              Heinrichswalde, Heydekrug, Insterburg, Johannisburg,
              Kaukehmen/Kuckerneese, Kreuzburg, Labiau, Landsberg,
              Lötzen, Lyck, Memel, Mohrungen, Mühlhausen, Neidenburg,
              Nikolaiken, Nordenburg, Ortelsburg, Passenheim, Pillau,
              Pillkallen/Schlossberg, Preußisch Holland, Ragnit,
              Rastenburg, Russ, Saalfeld, Seeburg, Sensburg,
              Stallupönen/Ebenrode, Tapiau, Tilsit, Wehlau, Willenburg,
              Wischwill, Zinten)
   Rep. 40    Justizamtskollegium zu Saalfeld
   Rep. 41    Domänenjustizämter (Osterode, Tapiau, Taplacken, Wehlau)
   Rep. 42    Kreisjustizkommission zu Saalfeld
   Rep. 50    Domänenämter, Domänenrentämter
              (Allenstein, Brandenburg, Mohrungen, Osterode,
              Preußisch Holland, Tapiau, Wehlau, Wormditt)
   Rep. 51    Forstamt Nassawen
   Rep. 52    Remontedepot zu Sperling
   Rep. 53    Gemeindeakten (Christiankehmen)
   Rep.150    Innungen